The Character of Miss Fairchild in Hearts and Hands Essay Example

The Character of Miss Fairchild in Hearts and Hands Essay One of the principle characters in the short story Hearts and Hands, composed by O Henry, Is an appealing young lady named Miss Fairchild. This character has affections for a man named Mr.. Gaston, another primary character, and can't see that she Is being deceived as a result of her emotions and absence. The issue includes forging. She is informed that Mr.. Gaston Is a marshal and Is bound too criminal who forged and they are all In a train going to Leavenworth. She can't see past her affections for Mr.. Gaston and subsequently, permitted herself to be misled. She Is portrayed as an appealing rich young lady with a shine of style and way however she Is additionally human, hence has sentiments as well. Miss Fairchild Is a rich lady who has way and style. In the train, she looks and talks how a five star individual should. She has a full, sweet, and intentional voice that she utilized while chatting with Mr.. Gaston. This likewise shows she is infatuated or possibly has affections for Mr.. Gaston. At the point when she looked at them she was unengaged from the outset yet when she saw it was Mr.. Gaston, her face lit up and a delicate pink touched her round cheeks. We will compose a custom article test on The Character of Miss Fairchild in Hearts and Hands explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The Character of Miss Fairchild in Hearts and Hands explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The Character of Miss Fairchild in Hearts and Hands explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Miss Fairchild was likewise excessively blinded by her emotions that she couldnt see past them and permitted herself to be misled. She is additionally an ordinary person who doesn't and can't generally act with a gleam of style and way. This trademark was indicated when she started genuinely and essentially discussing the West to the two men with sparkling eyes and said that cash isnt everything. Those traitsbeing rich, exquisite, careless, in affection, and human depict Miss Fairchild. She was these, however was deceived on the grounds that she couldnt see past her emotions. In any case, as a general rule, dislike they will ever observe each other again.

Full Disclosure Essay

Bookkeeping is a data framework that recognizes, records, and conveys the financial occasions of an association to intrigued users† (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Data that is applicable and critical to clients ought to be revealed; tragically, some data can't be measured through money related information. Certain information can't be remembered for the organization’s fiscal summaries. The complete honesty standard clarifies how organizations handle circumstances that can't be clarified in numerical terms however ought to be unveiled to the contributing open. This paper will clarify what is the complete honesty rule in bookkeeping and why has exposure expanded considerably over the most recent 10 years. This paper will likewise address why total honesty is required and what potential outcomes may happen if organizations don't follow these standards. What is Full Disclosure?†The total honesty guideline calls for monetary detailing of any money related realities sufficiently noteworthy to impact the judgment of an educated reader† (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007, p. 1282). For instance, certain monetary data doesn't straightforwardly impact explicit diary accounts. Be that as it may, these budgetary occasions may impact the fate of the company’s or may impact how speculators see the money related security of the organization. For instance, a prominent progressing claim may cause emotional limitations on the company’s liabilities and resources if the organization must compensation high case expenses and settlements. This kind of data hugy affects how stable the organization appears. Tragically, it won't be expressed in the fiscal reports since the case has not been settled. As indicated by the total honesty standard, the organization ought to reveal this sort of data in the notes of the budget summaries. This sort of data impacts how speculators rate the company’s monetary security and vital future despite the fact that the organization has not settled the case yet. Complete honesty likewise checks false bookkeeping acts that can be concealed or precluded from budget reports. Why Full Disclosure Increased Substantially in the Last 10 Years?The complete honesty guideline has significantly expanded inside the most recent 10 years because of a few reasons. One reason is because of the wake of cockeyed sheet financing made open by the Enron outrage (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Fake bookkeeping acts put on the map by the Enron embarrassment has provoked the business to strengthen this guideline. Thusly, the SEC required an extended divulgence so as to guarantee that organizations are unveiling all important data. By uncovering data that may influence clients, organizations follow the expanded revealing necessities as of late made by the bookkeeping calling. It likewise powers organizations to unveil data that has the capability of having enormous budgetary outcomes to the business. In addition, the unpredictability of the business condition, and the requirement for auspicious data has expanded the requirement for total honesty too. Accordingly, the SEC upheld the complete honesty guideline all the more completely to help screen and control business associations (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Why is Full Disclosure Needed?The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) and the general population have both required the need to reveal precise money related data that expresses every single authoritative commitment and liabilities must be accounted for. As it were, total honesty is expected to guarantee that associations are revealing the entirety of the vital data to support financial specialists, leasers, and the open settle on better and smarter choices with respect to their organizations. Complete honesty is additionally expected to guarantee that organizations don't submit fake exercises like the exercises that were submitted inside the Enron association. Complete honesty additionally assists speculators with deciding whether an organization is as steady as the fiscal reports have all the earmarks of being. Conceivable ConsequencesFailing to unveil things in fiscal reports can have a few potential results. The Enron embarrassment shows how organization officials can be held subject for false movement. Criminal and common liabilities may happen if officials neglect to unveil budgetary data that may delude financial specialists. Another result is losing open trust if an association is gotten not unveiling appropriate data. An organization may lose high popular supposition if investors are persuaded that the organization was more gainful than what was really happening. Also, an organization will most likely be unable to recoup from terrible press, case expenses, and government fines whenever got not completely unveiling money related data. The Sarbanes Oxley Act strengthens the results and disciplines of not completely uncovering budgetary data. The principle objective of this demonstration centers around discouraging false acts and eliminating poor revealing practices. Presidents and CFOs are held by and by at risk for the exactness of fiscal summaries; a relinquish of the CEO’s rewards or organization benefits might be retained if bookkeeping repetitions are made also (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Free examiners must be utilized to guarantee that exact data is unveiled also. End The complete honesty guideline guarantees that applicable and helpful monetary data is accounted for precisely to the general population. False bookkeeping action has called for stricter understandings of this standard since criminal, common, and SEC infringement may happen if total honesty isn't followed. The Sarbanes Oxley Act features the outcomes of not completely uncovering data. These severe rules show how the administration has reacted to bookkeeping exercises that endeavor to shroud certain money related exercises. Bookkeeping administrators must know about the uplifted requirement for completely unveiling a wide range of money related occasions or data that may influence the investor’s perspective on the monetary steadiness of an organization. References Weygandt J., Kieso D., and Kimmel, P. (2007) Financial Accounting and Accounting Standards. Middle of the road Accounting (twelfth release). Kieso D., Weygandt J., and Warfield T. (2007). To be completely forthright. Moderate Accounting (twelfth release).

Blog Archive In Other News Business Insiders MBA Rankings, Michigan States New Endowment, and Approval of Harvards Renovation Plans

Blog Archive In Other News… Business Insider’s MBA Rankings, Michigan State’s New Endowment, and Approval of Harvard’s Renovation Plans The business school world is constantly buzzing with change and innovation. Each week, in addition to our regular news posts, we briefly touch on a few notable stories from this dynamic field in one roundup. Here is what caught our eye this week: Business Insider released its sixth annual business school rankings recently, with the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania claiming the top spot following its third-place finish last year. The University of Chicago Booth School of Business rose three spots from its 2014 ranking and came in second place, while last year’s champion Harvard Business School was ranked third. The publication looks at five factors, including average post-graduate starting salaries, reputation among employers who have interviewed MBAs for positions, and average GMAT scores at business schools. Al and Nancy Gambrel The Eli Broad College of Business at Michigan State University (MSU) recently received a $1M donation from MSU alumni Al and Nancy Gambrel, funding the installment of the Gambrel Family Endowed Professorship in Management. Al Gambrel, who serves as the senior vice president of human resources at food processing company TreeHouse Foods, credited one of his MSU professors, Larry Foster, as an inspiration to his career. “I’d love for [the professor endowed by the donation] to do for these students what professor Larry Foster did for me,” Gambrel said in a press release. Harvard Business School’s ambitious renovation and construction plans were met with approval by the Boston Redevelopment Authority last week. The school announced its plan for two new campus buildings, estimated to cost $171M, in 2014. Klarman Hall and G2 Pavilion will replace the existing Burden Hall, which will be demolished as the project begins. Share ThisTweet Harvard University (Harvard Business School) News University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)

Aristotles Rhetoric in Speech Writing

Rhetoric is the art of persuasion that is a great tool to influence someone. Persuasion can influence a person in many ways; if a person is very talented in persuasion he/she can play a vital role in influencing ano person’s behavior, their beliefs,  attitude,  intentions,   motivations. Simply put, this art can be used to gain something a person wishes. Marketers use this technique to sell their goods even if their products are not in demand, and if they are masters in this art, they can sell you anything even if it is not needed by you. The first person that comes into mind when someone uses the term ‘Rhetoric’ is Aristotle. Aristotle was a very famous and well-known Greek philosopher. His writings include many subjects such as physics,  biology,  zoology, poetry, theater, music,  rhetoric,  linguistics, politics, and many more. Aristotle’s views were very persuasive, and a lot of that persuasion comes from logic, reason, and proof. Ethos, Pathos, Logos Logos Logos means logic or proof. When you ask someone to trust your word, they will require you to provide proof. While writing, you can use facts as proof to back your argument. Ethos Ethos means trust or credibility. Until your audience does not trust you, they will not believe in anything you say. Pathos Pathos means emotions and values. When a writer writes he/she tries to connect with the audience by writing on stories they are emotionally connected to. Many people write about who inspires them like families or friends – and try to connect with their readers through the human element. How Is This Beneficial For Speech Writing? Rhetoric can be very helpful when it comes to speech writing. If a writer can master this art, he/she can influence their readers in many different ways. Speeches written to sway the audience’s opinion in one direction or the other can benefit greatly by using ethos, pathos, and logos. Though this art can be, and probably is, misused many times, it is an important aspect of writing. Readers need to connect with your thoughts. A lot of writers use this technique to keep their audience amused, and others use the power of this style of writing to changes your views and opinions in moments. So Why Use This? If you are writing a speech for an academic or any other type of project, you need to have a point of view about the topic of the speech. Furthermore, you need to prove that your point of view is correct, and for that you need to use Aristotle’s rhetoric. When writing a speech, you need to infuse facts and figures from credible sources, relatable stories, and metaphors to get the message across. By using this technique, you will be able to win the crowd over, and will be able to get the most out of your efforts in writing the speech. So start writing that speech, use Aristotle’s rhetoric, and sway your audience’s opinion in your favor.

The Role Of Personality Disorder On Children - 1394 Words

After watching this video, I thought it was extremely interesting to watch as well as heart-breaking to watch. This video talks about three individuals who suffer from multiple personality disorder. This video also talks about how these three individuals who suffered from emotional and physical trauma from being sexually abused and tortured as a child. These individuals do not remember the abuse that had happened, however; their personalities remember the painful events. Each of these individuals’ cases is completely different and all three of these individuals sought treatment in-order to get the help they needed to recover. When it comes to Gretchen, Gretchen is an honor’s college student that suffers from multiple personality disorder.†¦show more content†¦However, one of her personalities does recall the sexual abuse and how Gretchen learns about this sexual abuse that happened to her that she refused to remember while she is in treatment. I thought this was extremely heart-breaking to watch as well as interesting because it helped me understand multiple personality disorder and how it affects the individuals who suffers from this disorder. In my opinion, the one thing that struck out to me that Gretchen realized that something was not right and how she wanted to regain her life back so she decided to seek treatment in order to get the help she needed. Gretchen refused to give up and after numerous of treatments that helped her learn about the sexual abuse and also helped her cope with this type of trauma, Gretchen finally graduated college in the top one percent of her class. That was extremely heart-warming to know that she never gave up and sought treatment in order to learn and also cope with the sexual abuse that she suffered from that affected her deeply. When it comes to John, John is a police officer who has many different personalities. John’s personalities have different abilities and John switches to those personalities when they are needed. The video mentions about how John was diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as well as Multiple Personality disorder. I thought it was extremely

Reader Response to James Joyces The Dead Essays - 1072 Words

Reader Response to Joyces The Dead James Joyces story The Dead has a tremendous impact on the readers, especially those who are familiar with the political situation in Ireland at the time about which the Joyce wrote the final story in Dubliners. In exploring the meaning of James Joyces long short-story, The Dead, there are many critical approaches to take. Each approach gives readers a lens, a set of guidelines through which to examine and express ideas of the meaning of The Dead. Joyce himself said that the idea of paralysis was the intended theme of all the stories in The Dubliners of which The Dead is the final story. Of all critical approaches, reader†¦show more content†¦(138) The images reflect Gabriels ego in a sense, at the same for his marital relationship, and at the end death, which may not be physical but spiritual. Gabriel who is tallish and stout symbolizes authority and also wants to be perfect for all times. He has a mental block, which makes him believe that he is more superior and different than others are. Hes built a screen around himself, which stops him from identifying himself with the Common Man. The ...polished lenses and the bright gilt rims of the glasses which screened his delicate and restless eyes....(23,24). This image perhaps tells us that the glasses are the screen that partition his vision from the vision of others. Joyces intended theme of paralysis is exemplified in the symbolization of snow. In the story, snow has a major role as it symbolizes the political situation at the same time where everything was cold and dead due to the political uncertainty at the time. Snow also plays a major role as it interprets the reader to be on the alert, as things at the end are not going to be as smooth as Gabriel had predicted. This seen in the shift of mood when after the party had concluded, Gabriel and his wife are heading towards the hotel and hes in a veryShow MoreRelatedEssay about Literary Analysis: Clay and The Dead1336 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis: Clay and The Dead In the fifteen Dubliners stories, city life, religion, friends and family bring hope to individuals discovering what it means to be human. Two stories stood out in James Joyce’s Dubliners. One story attempts to mislead readers as it is hard to follow and the other story is the most famous story in the book. In the stories â€Å"Clay† and â€Å"The Dead,† James Joyce uses escape themes to deal with the emotions of the characters, Maria and Gabriel living in the DublinRead MoreAnalysis of The Novel Dubliners by James Joyce Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pages In response to his publishers suggested revisions to Dubliners, James Joyce elevated his rhetoric to the nearly Evangelical [and wrote]: I seriously believe that you will retard the course of civilization in Ireland by preventing the Irish people from having one good look in my nicely polished looking-glass1. A pivotal part of this looking-glass is Joyces representation of Dublin, which functions akin to an extern al unconsciousness in that a series of unrelated characters experience similarRead More Reader-Response Criticism of James Joyce’s Eveline from Dubliners2399 Words   |  10 PagesSubjective Reader-Response Criticism of James Joyce’s Eveline The subjectivity evident in literary interpretation is hard to deny. Though one person may feel that James Joyce’s writing proves Joyce’s support of the feminist movement, another may believe that Joyce views women as inferior. What could account for such a difference in opinions? Schwarz explains that subjective reader-response critics would respond to a question such as this by answering that each reader uses the Read MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s The Dead Essay1857 Words   |  8 PagesJames Joyce has been regarded as a literary genius for the better half of a century, and perhaps his most popular and most widely debated piece is the last story of Dubliners, â€Å"The Dead.† The ending paragraph of the story is deemed one of the most beautiful endings in all of modern literature, and the story’s ultimate meaning can be hypothesized and criticized in discussion after discussion, making it a popular work among the ascribed literary canon in academia. The whole of Dubliners is meant toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Dead By James Joyce1280 Words   |  6 Pagesstruggled to communicate their experiences, thoughts, and sorrows in their fragmented societies. Authors such as James Joyce, T.S. Elliot, and Virginia Wolfe gave voice to these individuals through their implementation of a strea m of consciousness writing style that became a key feature in the modernist literary movement. In his short story â€Å"The Dead†, the final tale in his collection Dubliners, James Joyce represents the struggles of a well-respected figure whose depression and low self-esteem causes himRead MoreA Portrait of The Deluded Artist Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pageswell as James Joyce’s, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Frustrating and awe-inspiring at the same time, the fleeting ambiguity with which Joyce depicts Stephen’s character leave the reader often puzzled and asking the natural question, â€Å"What is this supposed to mean?† We can then remain in this state of perplexity or try to interpret the subtle clues, dispersed throughout the book, in hope of arriving closer to the hidden meaning of what the author’s intention was for his readers to comprehendRead MoreSmugging in the Square: Homosexuality as a Literary Device in James Joyces A Port rait of an Artist as a Young Man.3689 Words   |  15 PagesWhat can be said of the menacing literary masterpiece that is A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is that the gender issues Joyce so surreptitiously weaves into Stephan Dedalus’s character create sizable obstacles for the reader to overcome. Joyce expertly composes a feminine backdrop in which he can mold Stephan to inexplicably become innately homosexual. As Laurie Teal points out â€Å"†¦ Joyce plays with gender inversion as a uniquely powerful tool of characterization.†(63) Stephan’s constant conflictRead MoreChange: The Seed of Evolution2514 Words   |  11 Pagesunassociated (â€Å"Epiphany†). Authors often use this device not only to convey a realization on the part of their character, but also to allude to an internal message (â€Å"Epiphany†). James Joyce employed this device in many of his works in hopes of revealing to his Irish peers the low esteem of their conduct (B ulson 33). James Joyce was born in Ireland to a borderline destitute/middle-class family. After his graduation from the University College, he moved to Paris to study medicine only to be calledRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Araby3507 Words   |  15 PagesJames Joyces Araby I doubt there are book logs that commence with a note directing a reader, specifically you, even though I get the impression from Mr. Little to whom riding between pairs of glasses suggesting that in order to gather a bounty against my beloved head I must be obliged to fathoming on how to receive topic sentences with cradling arms and craters of dimples (have to love formalities, even of those lolling head-stumps, after all, it keeps NATO all triteRead More The Nature of Thought in Joyce Essay2205 Words   |  9 PagesThe Nature of Thought in Joyce Thought is a problem in Joyces work. His characters obscure trains of thought and remembrance constantly challenge the reader to keep up. I will argue that the depths of this obscurity are not, in fact, murky; they are a response to his introspection about the nature of thought, and reflect a coherent theory. Joyce often repeats phrases, and he makes such repetitions noticeable in order to direct the reader to the questions: What is thought? And what are the unconscious

Douglas MacArthur Essay Example For Students

Douglas MacArthur Essay Douglas MacArthur, the son of the high-ranking military figure, Arthur MacArthur, was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, on 26th January, 1880. Although previously a poor scholar, in 1903 MacArthur graduated first in his 93-man class, at West Point Military Academy. Commissioned in the Corps of the Engineers, MacArthur was sent by the United States Army to the Philippines and by 1904 had been promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. Later that year he joined his father who was serving in Far East before becoming aide-de-camp to President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906. MacArthur was assigned to general staff duty with the War Department and was an official observer with the Vera Cruz Expedition. On the advice of General Leonard Wood, MacArthur was promoted to major. In the First World War MacArthur commanded the 42nd Division on the Western Front and was decorated 13 times and cited seven additional times for bravery. Promoted the the rank of brigadier in August, 1918, three months later he became the youngest divisional commander in France.After the war MacArthur returned to the United States where he became brigadier general and the youngest ever superintendent of West Point in its 117 year history. Over the next three years he doubled its size and modernized the curriculum. In 1922 MacArthur was sent to the Philippines where he commanded the newly established Military District of Manila. At the age of forty-three MacArthur became the armys youngest general and in 1928 was appointed president of the American Olympic Committee. MacArthur was appointed chief of staff of the US Army in 1930. Once again he was the youngest man to hold the office and over the next few years attempted to modernize Americas army of 135,000 men. MacArthur developed right-wing political views and at one meeting argued that: Pacifism and its bedfellow, Communism, are all about us. Day by day this cancer eats deeper into the body politic. In June 1932, MacArthur, controversially used tanks, four troops of cavalry with drawn sabers, and infantry with fixed bayonets, on the Bonus Army in Washington. He justified his attack on former members of the United States Army by claiming that the country was on the verge of a communist revolution. Dwight D. Eisenhower and George Patton also took part in this operation. In 1935 President Franklin D. Roosevelt sent MacArthur to organize the defence of the Philippines. He retired from the army in 1937 but stayed on the island where he became the countrys military adviser. When negotiations with the Japanese government broke down in June 1941, Roosevelt recalled MacArthur to active duty as a major general and was granted $10 million to mobilize the Philippine Army. It was also decided to send MacArthur 100 B-17 Flying Fortress to help defend the Philippines. Most of MacArthurs troops were deployed to protect the two main islands of Luzon and Mindanao and by October 1941, MacArthur informed General George Marshall that he now had 135,000 troops, 227 assorted fighters, bombers and reconnaissance aircraft and this provided a tremendously strong offensive and defensive force and claimed that the Philippines was now the key or base point of the US defence line.The Japanese Air Force attacked the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor on the 7th December 1941. The following day they carried out air strikes on the Philippines and destroyed half of MacArthurs air force. MacArthur was much criticized for this as he had been told to move his airforce after the raid on Hawaii the previous day. The Japanese Army also invaded the Philippines and they soon held the three air bases in northern Luzon. On 22nd December the 14th Army landed at Lingayen Gulf and quickly gained control of Manila from the inexperienced Filipino troops. Although only 57,000 Japanese soldiers were landed on Luzon it had little difficulty capturing the island.General Douglas MacArthur now ordered a general retreat to the Bataan peninsula. A series of Japanese assaults forced the US defensive lines back and on 22nd February, 1942, MacArthur was ordered to leave Bataan and go to Australia. General Jonathan Wainright remained behind with 11,000 soldiers and managed to hold out until the beginning of May. The American forces were re-organized and MacArthur

The Foreign Influences on the Roman art

In the course of its history, the civilization of Ancient Rome incorporated and modified the elements of those cultures which it dominated. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about Roman art which includes painting, architecture, or sculpture. This paper is aimed at examining foreign influences on the Roman art. One can argue that Romans were able to adapt, modify, and sometimes improve the artistic techniques which they borrowed from others. This is the main argument that can be put forward.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Foreign Influences on the Roman art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the examples can be considered is Temple of Portunus[1]. This architectural monument can be dated back to the first century before the Common Era. This building represents the Republican period in the history of Ancient Rome [2]. Overall, this architectural work incorporates the elements of Greek and Etruscan art. For example, one can mention that Temple of Portunus includes such elements as columns, pediment, cella and extensive use of marble. In turn, the main Etruscan influences can be exemplified with such elements as high stairs, podium, and front entrance. Overall, the architectural style developed in Ancient Greece strongly influenced people who created Temple of Portunus. To a great extent, this temple bears a close resemblance to Parthenon. This example indicates that Romans did not neglect the culture of countries or regions which they dominated. Additionally, it is important to speak about Roman sculpture which was also affected by other cultures. One should take into account that Romans produced copies of Greek sculptures such as Apollo Belvedere[3].To a great extent, Roman were impressed with the meticulous techniques used by Greet sculptures. Yet, one should remember that they modified the legacy of Ancient Greece. In particular, Romans insisted on the realisti c portrayal of subjects without idealizing the physical beauty of a person[4]. This style is often called verism, and it is a forerunner of modern realism. For example, one can mention such an artwork as the bust of Trojan Decius[5]. This sculpture was created in 249 C. E. The viewers can see that the artist did not try to idealize the physical appearance of the subject. This is one of the main aspects that can be identified because it distinguishes Roman sculpture among other styles and traditions. This sculpture was created during the period of the Late Empire and it shows that even at the height of Roman political and cultural domination, Greek art still greatly appealed to them.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, it is important to speak about painting, especially frescos. One can argue that this technique was widely adopted by Etruscans[6]. A good example of this technique is the portrayed of a husband and wife. This artwork was found in Pompeii. It was created in the first century of the Common Era which is the period of the Early Empire. Again, one can say that the author of this fresco attempted to emphasize the realism of his artwork. This is one of the main things that should be considered. These examples are important because they demonstrate that Romans were willing to use the artistic techniques used in other cultures. This openness is one of the reasons why Romans could produce magnificent artworks. However, one should not suppose that they merely copied the artworks created by others. In many cases, they modified foreign influences and in this way, produced unique sculpture, painting, or architectural monuments. Appendixes Picture 1: Temple of Portunus (Gardner and Kleiner 182) Picture 2: The Bust of Trojan Decius Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Foreign Influences on the Roman art specifically for you fo r only $16.05 $11/page Learn More (Gardner and Kleiner 185) Picture 3: The Portrait of a Husband and Wife found in Pompei (Gardner and Kleiner 187) Works Cited Furtwangler, Adolf. Masterpieces of Greek Sculpture: A Series of Essays on the  History of Art, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Print. Gardner, Helen, and Fred Kleiner. Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: A Global History, New York: Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Gates, Charles. Ancient Cities: The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient Near  East and Egypt, Greece, and Rome, London: Routledge, 2003. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Footnotes Please, refer to the Appendixes, Picture 1 Gardner, Helen, and Fred Kleiner. Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: A Global History (New York: Cengage Learning, 2012). 182. Furtwangler, Adolf. Masterpieces of Greek Sculpture: A Series of Essays on the History of Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010). 7. (Gardner and Kleiner 185). Appendixes, Picture 2 Gates, Charles. Ancient Cities: The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece, and Rome (London: Routledge, 2003). 312. This essay on The Foreign Influences on the Roman art was written and submitted by user M0j0 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

marx and tocqueville essays

marx and tocqueville essays To understand what Marx and deTocquiville ;two of the great social thinkers of all time, believed, you have to understand what was going on at the time. They were living in the peak of the Industrial Revolution. The cities that housed this revolution were overflowing with factories and people. People who were once country folk decided to come out to the cities in search for a better life. These working class people were also known as proletariats. Another aspect was what were these people thinking? They had there minds set on the right thing, a better life, but what made them think they would live a fair life? Liberalism was The bourgeoisie, or higher class believed in this ideology, and it rubbed off on the working class. Liberals believed in a constitutional government, equality of opportunity, and laissez faire economics. They believed in self interest, freedom, and privacy. So why then were the working class people poorer than when they were in the country, lived in slums and shacks, and worked terrible hard hours? This is where Karl Marx comes in. Marx saw that the proletariats had no rights. He thought that they lacked political power and government protection. He felt that it wasnt fair for the upper class to control the means of production and business in general, when the working class was doing all the hard work. He said that the working class was the class that had to bear all the burdens of society without enjoying its advantages. Materialism was also a factor in this class struggle. It proved that the class struggle could not be evaded. After studying the social classes in America, he came to believe that classes were not bad at all. He was impressed by the general equality of conditions among the people. He thought that the democracy that was in America at ...

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Strategic management - Essay Example Retrieved from http://www.usnews.net/index.php/sid/232821615 Treanor, J. (2015). Co-op declares miscount in election to members council. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/may/13/co-op-group-extends-voting-deadline-after-miscount The Cooperative group has claimed that there was miscounting of votes for election to its council members and had to extend the vote casting period for its members. Members casting their votes via the website faced some problems making the management extend the registration that was set for Wednesday noon. Some individuals who vied for the election got information from the company that the information that they had won the elections was incorrect. The members council comprises of about 100 representatives of its members (The Guardian, 2015). The individuals wishing to represent the independent societies on the members’ council were affected most such as the Midcounties that have an ownership of 22% of the Co-op (Murray, (2015). The rest percentage belongs to the 7 million members using the group’s funeral homes, shops, and the other services. The votes are supposed to be weighted according to the relationship existing between the society and the main group, which never happened in some votes. Two candidates received incorrect information of their success, and some two others were informed that they did not succeed. The bank had a scandal that caused the group to suffer a loss of 2.5bn pounds in the year 2014, and the elections were to bring some reforms in the Co-op group according to The Guardian (2015). There are some controversies regarding the selection of the candidates to represent their members on the group board as initially there was a list containing six members later reduced to three. The reduction of the candidates reduced competition in the contested elections. The top

Concept Paper Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words

Concept Paper - Dissertation Example By interviewing 25 past and present entrepreneurs the information gleaned within this research may improve future business ventures and provide much needed information to the business world about the steps that ultimately lead to success and those actions to avoid. The literature review of this research study has offered a variety of opinions on entrepreneur mentors, successful tips, and planning guidelines. It is hoped that the lived experiences of the participants will bring to light new information that can create a paradigm shift in the business world of today’s global economy. Background It has been a tradition in many cultures and thus past precedence that the trade of a father would be passed on to the son or other person interested in learning that skill. The ancestors of the United States were all apprentices at some point; learning the skills necessary to run a cotton plantation, become a blacksmith, a carpenter, a cobbler, or even a milliner (Levinison, 2011). Some families even bartered for their sons to be placed with the best tradesman in the community when the child was very young. Some children were place into indentured servitude, which in the end taught them a trade in exchange for their room and board and a few coins being offered to the parents. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, many of the old trades were forgotten as more people when to work in factories and on assemble lines. The factory jobs and assembly line work did not teach the trade as a holistic venture, but only a small portion to one person and another portion to someone else further down the line. It was easier for business men to accumulate vast wealth if they had many people doing various jobs that would create mass production of a product rather than one person completing the production of a single item from start to finish. Machines were invented that replaced the worker and the production rate continued to increase in larger quantities than any huma n could have accomplished. Those individuals who were interested in the repair of the machines found work alongside the very thing that had excluded them from the workforce. Those who did not fancy the maintenance aspect of the industry were required to seek employment elsewhere. Going back to the basics of owning a business seemed to be the answer for some, but the skills and knowledge necessary for a successful venture were lacking, as the trade had not been passed down from the previous generation. Wacker (1998) discussed how this phenomenon provide the necessary parameters for the study of entrepreneurships in the existing world. By looking at the variables, the relationships within the business, and the underlying factors, the foundation for entrepreneurial ventures was recognized. Careful analysis of the business world uncovered the basis for further study and opened the channels for scientific theory to be considered in future studies (Henderikus, 2007; Henderikus, 2010). The Small Business Administration Report in 2007 claimed that 2/3 of every new business venture failed within the first two years. Half are reported to fail within the first four years and over 58% fail within the first five to ten years. The reasons behind the failure of these business ventures encompass a variety of factors that change with each entrepreneur. Finding a way to combat this excessive failure rate could open the door for

The Marginalisation of Women in Animation Roles

The Marginalisation of Women in Animation Roles The relationship between modes of production, and individual practice in women’s independent animation. Feminist film critics such as Laura Mulvey have suggested that classical film narration has always had a male perspective and positioned the viewer as male. Her 1975 essay â€Å"Cinema Visual Pleasure and Narrative, is a key work in feminist film theory and a turning point in the understanding of the representation of women in film and animation. She highlighted the lack of female filmmakers, writers and protagonists in Hollywood films. She contends that a female voice is sorely absent from mainstream cinema. Thus the depictions of women and the female identity in film are always a male interpretation. Further more she suggests that the language of film itself is masculine. The essay asserts claims that classical film narration assumes that the audience is male through objectifying female subjects within the frame. She contests that a position of power is almost always given to the male subject through a series of looks. The male characters are in possession of the ‘look,’ while the females are looked at. They are often objectified by focusing on specific parts of the anatomy. The woman is thereby idealised and sexualised into a male fantasy or marginalized into a stereotype or narrative function. This marginalisation of women is evident in Animation from the same period with figures such as Minnie Mouse, who dutifully played house wife to Mickey. The overtly sexual, (and disturbingly child-like,) Betty Boop. Or the extremely curvaceous Red Hot Riding Hood, who was a prototype for Jessica Rabbit. The identification of this imbalance provoked an immediate reaction to address it. â€Å"At this point the main demand was to replace on female role model by another, stronger and more independent. Or to find images of women that were realistic and relevant to women’s real life experience.† (Mulvey, 1978, p204) After WW2 16mm equipment that had been used to make newsreels, became available cheaply, and progress in sound technology in the sixties made synchronised sound recording much easier. The end result was to give people outside the commercial arena the ability to make films. This independent scene emerged at a highly politicised time and gave people the opportunity to make politicised films which addressed issues of the time such as the women’s movement. Not only feminist filmmakers emerged, but feminist readings of unconsciously feminist art. As Sharon Couzin’s definition demonstrates, the defining parameters are very broad. â€Å"Feminist art is which acknowledges that difference of being a women – i.e. what it is to be a woman – and then integrates that consciousness into the art.† (Law, 1997, p 67) Mulvey points to the avant-garde as genre through which feminist filmmakers and animators could express their concerns free from classical Hollywood representation. In her own words; â€Å"the avant-garde poses certain questions which consciously confront traditional practice, often with a political motivation, working on ways to alter modes of representation and expectations in consumption.† (Mulvey, 1978, p200) By breaking away from traditional and accepted systems of narration, the audience is forced to decipher the meaning of the films from the films aesthetics and semiotic signifiers, thus foregrounding the films intended message in the minds of the spectators. Animation has a lot in common with the avant-garde in as much as it is a largely abstract form of representation and expression. That is that unlike live action cinematography, which tends towards mimesis (the desire to accurately reproduce the ‘real’ world,) animation is usually concerned with the suggestion of concepts and the representation of ideas. The processes of animation allow Mulvey’s concerns to be addressed directly. The flexibility of the medium for using different drawing styles, colour schemes, animation techniques lend animation an immense imaginative potential that is only limited by the imaginations of the animators themselves. Animators can use these techniques to challenge dominant modes of narration and aesthetic expression. Secondly animation has been described as an auteurist medium. The vast degree of collaboration necessary to make a photographic film is greatly reduced in an animated medium. Indeed it is possible for animators to create completely individually and in doing so, create art with an entirely subjective perspective and articulate feminist concerns unfettered. A fine example of both these principles in action is Karen Watson’s Daddy’s Little Piece of Dresden China. In the film Watson marries scratch animation, line drawings, collage and puppetry to tell a deeply subjective story about domestic abuse. The different puppets are made from different materials to symbolise their characters. The father is metallic with a razor blade mouth and glass head. He is drunk, cold, dangerous and extremely harmful. The mother is made of a wooden spoon and dried flowers; this shows her domestic role and her bygone fertility. The daughter is bandaged and has a china head. She is damaged, though not yet broken but extremely delicate. The use of puppets removes the spectator from full identification with the characters, leaving them to quietly ruminate on the effects of domestic abuse on real people. Although the film is essentially one extremely powerful account of one woman’s own unspeakable domestic problems, the use of collage places the events in a wider social context and makes the spectator wonder about the greater extent of such problems. Alison de Vere’s film The Black Dog is devoid of any dialogue, and is entirely reliant on aesthetic symbolism and visual narration. The flexibility of the medium allows visual shifts in landscape which invite comparisons with stream-of-consciousness narration. The spectator is invited to come along with the protagonist’s through the wilderness on a journey of spiritual death and rebirth. Her walk through the desolate wilderness is apparently ended when an oasis appears in the form of the complex fata, a small complex comprising of boutique, a club and a restaurant. In the boutique she is dressed and adorned to make her ‘beautiful’ before going to the club. It is her where she becomes the object of desire for a room full of lecherous men. She catches sight of her self in a mirror, and decides to reject her designated engendered role, and false identity of seductress within the microcosm of the complex. At this point she finds that the price she pays for leaving of staying is her brain, her heart and her hands. The implication is that a woman must betray her own intelligence, desires and abilities to conform to the engendered roles that society expects of her. Death becomes a recurring motif of the complex such as the butchering of animals in the kitchens; the use of animal furs in the boutique; and drunken brawls that escalate into murder in the night club. All these images paint a portrait of a brutal and uncaring society and also serve as a visual motif that matches the protagonists fall from innocence and brief loss of individual identity. She flees the complex by diving into a river and being rescued by the eponymous Black Dog. The imagery here suggests a loss of innocence and an attempt of cleansing through water. The malleability of the medium is often explored through metamorphosis of characters of objects from one thing to another. In his book Understanding Animation (1998) Paul Wells argues that the use of metamorphosis is a ‘particular device which is unique to the animated form, and some would argue is the constituent core of animation itself.’ (Wells, 1998, p69) However computer animation techniques have been blended with ‘real’ footage to achieve the same effect in ‘live-action’ cinema, blurring the distinction between the two art forms. Meaning is derived from the fluid change of one form to another in the same way that Eisenstein creates meaning from editing one photographed image with another. ‘Metamorphosis also legitimizes the process of connecting apparently unrelated images, forging original relationships between lines, objects, and disrupting established notions of classical story-telling.’ (Wells, 1998, p69) It is a way of connecting abstract ideas into a narrative form. Joanna Quinn’s films Girls Night Out and Body Beautiful use metamorphosis to directly confront the issue of the sexualized female aesthetic, and reclaim the female form as something to be appreciated in all shapes and sizes. However it does so by using the method within the confines of a traditional narrative structure. The protagonist of both films is a large, working class woman called Beryl, who is completely at odds with the Betty Boop and Red Hot Riding Hood figures. Quinn uses line drawings with immense kinetic energy. The lines are dynamic allowing them to fluidly change shape. The fluid movement of the lines of Beryl’s body extenuates her generous curves, and the wobble of her breasts is particularly prominent as an expression of femininity. In this way her shape and size are celebrated through the animation process. In contrast her husband is completely static, bored, uninterested and uninteresting, a completely unsympathetic character. In Body Beautiful the dynamic lines are used to completely morph Beryl’s shape into symbolic expressions of her subjective experience. These metamorphoses are determined by her own perception of her self. When looking at the models in a fashion magazine she disappears into thin air, as a representation of her marginalization. She does not conform to societies given values of female beauty and as such feels negated. In a scene where Vince is commenting on her appearance she transforms into a pig. She is publicly humiliated and made to feel ashamed of herself, and as such reluctantly accepts the ‘fat pig’ mantle that is forced upon her. The film resolves itself with Beryl learning to appreciate her own figure on her own terms, during a rap song she lists a multitude of body types and transforms into them one by one. She rejects all of them and literally steps out of them as an affirmation of her own femininity. Beryl is representing all the women who do not have the perfect hour-glass figure and as such she is a figure to be identified with as opposed to one who is objectified. She is a celebration of the female body as opposed to a fetishist examination. She is desexualised as a male fantasy of female perfection, but re-sexualised in terms of her gender and defined by her feminine figure. In contrast to Joanna Quinn’s kinetic line, Candy Guard uses a simple, economical and direct aesthetic style in her animated films such as Wishful Thinking and What about me? In both these films two women ask each other questions about their, own appearance, but are never satisfied by the answers they are given and continue to worry and obsess over the matter, to the point of near torture. The figures themselves are comprised of a handful of black lines, they are largely shapeless and aesthetically at least, virtually androgynous. The characters are identified as female through voice and dialogue. In the mouth of Bernard manning jokes about women worrying about clothes or hair may come across as sexist, offensive and dismissive of women. But Guard is showing us how these women are torturing themselves in their attempts to conform to the modes of conduct and appearance that society enforces upon them. The women themselves are complicit in their own torture by their attempts to conform to preset notions of beauty. They never challenge the expectations put upon them and as such they are doomed to forever be enslaved by their own attempts to conform. Guard breaks from narrative tradition by having no resolution to her films. The women of the film will continue to worry about their appearance, just as the female spectators of the film have felt pressure to look their best. It is here where the realism lost aesthetically is regained, as the realism resonates emotionally. The uber-simplistic 2d line drawing style is also thematically fitting, by attempting to conform to societies given notions of female beauty the women are caricaturing themselves. The films discussed in detail here all offer different perspectives on issues of female identity, and engendered roles within society but they all â€Å"explore, through their use of imagery, the existence of the female form as something that is malleable and whose femaleness can be enhanced or reduced. They illustrate that femininity, as it is traditionally represented, something that can be put on and taken off at will.† (Furniss, 1978, p243) This demonstrates that despite differences in subjective experience all the animators discussed were expressing the need to break away from the rigid definitions enforced by classical film narration. We can see clearly that the various modes of practice available to animators have allowed female practitioners a platform on which to address feminist concerns of cinematic representation, as well as commenting upon the lager problems facing women within a modern patriarchal society. Paul Wells has neatly summarized the properties of Animation that have made it an ideal medium with which to redress the balance. â€Å"Animation has the capability of rendering the body in a way which blurs traditional notions of gender, species and indigenous identity further complicating debates concerning the primary political agendas of men and women, and enabling revisionist readings which use the ambivalence and ambiguity of the animated form to support the view that traditional orthodoxies in society itself must be necessarily challenged.† (Wells, 1998, p188) Of course an all encompassing feminist definition of ‘women’s experience’ or femininity is impossible and any attempt to do so is every bit as false as the fantasy representation offered by classical Hollywood. As Maureen Furniss explains in her own theories on representation. â€Å"One can argue that the media is dominated by images representing the priorities of a white male culture, but how does one go about depicting an alternative? How does one define ‘women’s experience’? And, even if it were possible to come up with a definition, could it encompass the realities of women across the world?† (Furniss, 1998 p 243) What these animators have been able to do is break the masculine bias of film narration and spectatorship, and contribute to the woman’s movement by creating a feminine aesthetic based upon individual subjective experience as opposed to tired patriarchal stereotypes. Bibliography Furniss, Maureen. Isuues of Representation(Chapter 12), in: Art in Motion. Animation Aesthetics. London: John Libbey, 1998, pgs.231-249 Law, Sandra. Putting Themselves in the Pictures. Images of Women in the Work of Joanna Quinn, Candy Guard and Alison De Vere, in: Pilling, Jayne(ed.) A Reader in Animation Studies. London: John Libbey, 1997, pgs. 49-70 Mulvey, Laura: â€Å"Cinema Visual Pleasure and Narrative† 1975 in Penley, C. Feminisim and film theory. London: BFI 1988, pgs, 57-68. Mulvey, Laura: Film, Feminism and the Avant-Garde, in OPray Michael. The British AvantGarde Film 1926-1995. Luton: Luton University John Libbey Press, pgs. 199-21 Wells, Paul. Understanding Animation. London: Routledge, 1998. Films Black Dog, The. (Alison de Vere, 1987) Body Beautiful. (Joanna Quinn, 1989) Daddy’s little bit of Dresden China (Karen Watson, 1987) Girls Night Out (Joanna Quinn, 1986) Red hot riding hood (Tex Avery, 1943) What about me? (Candy Guard) Whishful Thinking (Candy Guard) Who framed Roger Rabit? (Robert Zemeckis, 1989)

George Sugarman a sculpture :: Essays Papers

George Sugarman a sculpture Best known today for his public art, George Sugarman began his career with formally eccentric painted-wood sculptures. In a revelatory New York exhibition, early pieces were shown alongside the 86-year-old artist's more recent aluminum work. In the course of 1998, there were a number of important sculpture exhibitions in New York galleries and museums, including the Museum of Modern Art's Tony Smith retrospective, Dia's presentation of Richard Serra's Torqued Ellipses, and a group of David Smith's late painted-steel works at Gagosian Gallery. For me, however, the most impressive and thought-provoking sculpture show of the year was a concise survey of George Sugarman's work presented by Hunter College at the galleries in its Fine Arts Building on Manhattan's West 41st Street. Bringing together 16 sculptures made between 1958 and 1995, the exhibition allowed viewers to trace Sugarman's career from his carved-wood works of the late 1950s to his polychrome, laminated-wood pieces of the 1960s to the painted-aluminum work that has occupied him since the early 1970s. While the show did not cover Sugarman's extensive activity in the public-art realm--over the last 30 years he has created large-scale public sculptures throughout the U.S. as well as in Europe and Asia--it was an effective presentation of his "indoor" work. (Sugarman has drawn a useful distinction between what he calls the "indoor eye," a museum- and gallery-oriented esthetic vision which perceives the work of art in isolation from its surroundings, and the "outdoor eye," which allows us to view public art as part of a wider environment.) Thanks to the presence of major, rarely seen works such as Two in One (1966) and Ten (1968), the show was a welcome reminder of Sugarman's unique and indispensable contribution to postwar sculpture. One of the earliest works on view was Six Forms in Pine (1959), a carved-wood sculpture which brought Sugarman his first major recognition when it won a prize at the 1961 Carnegie International. Among the last of his unpainted works, it's a nearly 12-foot long, smoothly flowing concatenation of horizontal abstract forms that rests on two pedestals set several feet apart. Rippling patterns of chisel marks are visible across every surface as are the strata of the laminated wood. The forms, which range from gently swelling, landscape-like shapes to more sharply defined volumes that evoke architecture or hand tools, are clearly differentiated within the continuous overall structure. While the carving technique and biomorphism relate Six Forms in Pine to established sculptural styles of the 1950s, the sculpture also possesses properties which presage Sugarman's innovative work of the next decade.

Functional areas in Tesco and Oxfam Essay

1. Introduction In this report I am going to compare functional areas of two contrasting organisations Tesco and Oxfam. Tesco is aiming at achieving profit, investing and offerring services and products to customers.Oxfam is a non-profit organisation, helping people in crisis. Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer, it has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in UK, where it has a market share of around 30%. Oxfam is an international confederation of 17 organisations working in 90 countries worldwide to find solutions to poverty and related injustice around the world. It helps to provide training, education and financial aid to people in developing countries and disaster areas. 2. Functional areas in organisations Functional area is a person, area or department which carries out a particular business function, for example, Administration, Customer Service, Distribution, Finance, Human Resources, ICT, Marketing, Sales, Production or Research and development. The main purpose of having functional areas in business is ensuring that all important activities are carried out efficiently and accurately. This is important if the business wants to achieve its aims and objectives; specific areas will be responsible for supporting specific types of aims and objectives, for example, sales and marketing will be involved in developing new markets or increasing sales, finance would be monitoring and keeping costs low to improve profitability. 2.1.Functional areas of Tesco The main activities of Finance department are: †¢recording all the business transactions (expences and incomings) †¢measuring the financial performance of Tesco (how well or badly Tesco is doing financially) †¢controlling the finances and cash flow so the company  stays reliable (ensuring that there is enough money to pay off debts, bills, employees, as well as invest in new developments to gain more profit) †¢taking timely financial decisions by comparing the predicted performance with actual performance (they would do this by comparing the financial situation from previous years with todays situation) Human resources: †¢recruiting, selecting, training and developing new staff †¢keeping all records they have in their possesion confidential (obligation to stand by Data Protection Act) †¢they look after an emploee whilst they work in the company (training, development and promotion) Marketing: †¢Marketing Research – collecting data from surveys and questionnaires, preparing presentations informing about new developments †¢Customer Care and Services – deals with complaints and problems they have, evaluating service, revieving competitors, recommending improvements †¢Sales Promotion and Advertising – making sure that promotions are clear and understandable for customers Production: †¢responsible for making services that are provided by Tesco (offices, vehicles, retailing products) †¢responsible for delivering the products to customers †¢ensuring that there is enough stock available ( that is supported by new technology, for example EPOS system, which will automatically re-order if Tesco is out-of-stock) Administration department: †¢creates an ordered way of working which enables the busines to function smoothly †¢brings together the various parts of the business so they can all work towards achieving the same goals †¢ensures good communication between the management and workers †¢all the methods and procedures should be written down in case staff is beeing changed †¢proper procedures for controlling and monitoring work – high level of supervision and  well-motivated staff 2.2. Functional areas of Oxfam The Global Ambassadors have been campaigning around the world on behalf of Oxfam. They propagate the knowledge about the issues like, for example, climate change, conflict resolution, women’s rights, international arms trade treaty, and others. Among the Oxfams Global Abassadors are for example: †¢Annie Lennox – she lent her support as the voice for TV adverts for the campaign following the 2012 earthquake in Haiti, she also works hard on AIDS and women’s issues, she also set up „The Circle† – a group of influential women who come together to connect with women living in poverty around the world, †¢Coldplay, they donated acoustic version of theuir song for a new Oxfam campaign video, perform concerts for Oxfam, drawn enormous attention to the Make Trade Fair campaign ( supports poor people affected by unfair trade rules), †¢Colin Firth, his work ia wide-ranging, he has helped highlight issues, speaks to the media and wright articles, hosts fundraising events in USA and Italy, †¢Helen Mirren supports Control Arms campaign, travelled to South Africa to meet victims of domestic violenceand firearms crimes and Uganda to highlight the civil war there and push for peaceful solution, †¢Scarlett Johansson, she is a part of „We Can† campaign, which aims to break down attitudes that support violence against women, she also supports GROW campaign (fighting world hunger) and Haiti Earthquake Appeal, also designed a handbag for Mango on behalf of Oxfam to raise money for the appeal. Executive Director Winnie Byanyima appointed in May 2013) provides strategic guidance, support, expertise and coordination across the global organisation. Through its 17 affiliates , oxfam works with people in over 90 countries to provide humanitarian relief in crisis, empower poor and marginalised people to gain social and economic equality. Working with thousands of local partner organisations, Oxfam International works with people living in poverty striving to exercise their human rights and take control of their lives. They focus their efforts in these areas: †¢Development – they work with and through partners and communities on long-term programmes to eradicate poverty and combat justice †¢Emergencies –  deliver immediate life-saving assistance to people affected by natural disasters or conflict †¢Campaigning – raise public awerness of the causes of poverty and encourage ordinary people to take action †¢Advocacy – press decision-makers to change policies and practices that reinforse poverty and injustice †¢Policy research – speak with authority as a result of research and analysis, and the real experience of the partners in developing countries Oxfam GB (one of the affiliates of Oxfam International) has a wide range of policy, programme and research staff, whose shared expertise ranges from public health engineering to lobbying international institusions for change: †¢Oxfams Advocacy advisers work to change public policies and practices in ways that will have a positive impacton poor people’s lives. Advocacy can take place at a variety of levels from local communities through to international institutions, and include the variety of methods including lobbying, media work, popular campaigning and changing public attitudes †¢Oxfam’s humanitarian personnel are responsible for a wide range of activities, including advising Oxfam’s international regions on humanitarian response, building regional capacity to respond to emergencies, leading programme development work on key areas such as WASH, public health, food security, HIV and AIDS, protection, gender, and preparedness. They also deliver advocacy on humanitarian issues in developed countries and provide security management advice †¢Programme Implementation – Oxfam’s country and regional staff work with the programme policy advisers to implement our programmes in more than sixty countries. Programme staff work with local partners to develop, implement and evaluate a variety of initiatives, offering a range of support through training and capacity-building, networking with other similar organisations, and financial support †¢Programme Policy – Oxfam’s collective wealth of expertise and knowledge includes development professionals, who provide global advisory support to Oxfam’s large number of projects and programmes across more than sixty countries.Programme policy advisers assist in improving the coherence, quality, and impact of Oxfam’s programmes and ensure that we learn from good and innovative work through facilitating programme-focused learning processes and resources †¢Research enables Oxfam to look ahead and plan strategically for a fast-changing context. It sharpens and underpins the credibility of Oxfam’s campaigns and helps us design, monitor and assess the  impact of our country-level programmes.Oxfam’s global researchers lead on researching and writing policy papers and campaign reports, keep abreast of new ideas that may feed into future policies or advocacy work or shape our programme thinking, and build Oxfam’s research capacity and quality †¢Oxfam’s Senior Management staff are responsible for ensuring the quality, effectiveness, and accountability of Oxfam’s portfolio of humanitarian, development, and campaigning work around the world Volunteers play a key role in helping Oxfam achieve its missions to reduce poverty and injustice around the world, they work throughout all the departments, they fulfill the variety of roles and tasks and they are significant part of every non-profit organisation. 3 Conclusion Despite many differences in functioning between Tesco and Oxfam (where Tesco works for profit and Oxfam is non-profit organisation) there are certain similar areas that ensure that organisation’s activities and tasks are completed properly. This is important for the business if its going to achieve its aims and objectives. So both of the organisations have: †¢IT staff, who deal with website, hardware and software problems, security and confidentiality issues, they are linked with HR department and Administration as most of the communication and storing data happens electronically †¢Marketing and Research who identifies and tries to meet customer needs, works on new solutions and developments †¢Sales team is responsible for direct contact with customers, they also are linked with Marketing and all kinds of advertising †¢Finance department looks at income and outgoings of the business, as well as fundraising and collecting money for various campaigns Tesco’s area is retail and maximasing profit, gaining new customers and keeping the existing ones, so the structure is streamlined and compact. Oxfam’s activities are much more varied, from gaining income from charity shops, concerts and events, through legal work that advocats do to change regulations, to hands on material help and organising rescue for people affected by natural disasters.

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